Regeneration of Carica papaya “Rathna” Variety through Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Zygotic..

Papaya (Carica papaya L.), a fruit crop grown all over the world, belongs to the Caricaceae family. The PRSV (Papaya Ring Spot Virus) is one of the most damaging diseases to papaya, reducing output. Where traditional breeding methods have failed, genetic engineering has proven to be a viable approach for introducing genes to plants. The majority of effective plant genetic engineering applications include converting genes via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, followed by tissue culture-based plant regeneration. As a result, the current study was carried out to create tissue culture-based C. papaya from zygotic embryos of papaya for further genetic engineering to achieve PRSV resistance. Self-pollinated plants in the field were randomly picked for immature fruits. Zygotic embryos were extracted directly from sterilised seeds and successfully begun on Murashige and skoog (MS) media at half strength. As a calli induction medium, the medium was supplemented with 400 mg/L glutamine, various concentrations of 2, 4 Di- chlorophenoxyaciatic acid (2,4-D) (3 ml/L to 12 ml/L), and various amounts of vitamins (5 ml/L to 10 ml/L). There were substantially more calli in the medium treated with 10 mg/L 2,4-D and 5 ml/L vitamin (60 percent ). The hormone-free medium was used to mature the inducted pre-embryogenic calli. The matured somatic embryos were placed in a germination medium containing full strength MS salts and various kinetin concentrations (1 ml/L to 6 ml/L). In comparison to the other media, the medium treated with 2 mg/L of kinetin produced the most plants (75%) in the time allotted. Embryos were germinated and placed in full strength MS medium without hormones. For three months, fully grown plants with a high density root system were gradually acclimatised.

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