MORPHOGENIC STUDIES IN TISSUE CULTURES OF PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA LINN.) | BIONATURE

The papaya (Carica papaya L.) varieties that are regularly produced in India are dioecious. Male, female, or intersex plants emerge from natural seedlings. The process of determining the plant's sex takes about a year, which is the normal flowering period. As a result, until the plant begins to flower, the sex of the plant is unknown. If the seedling turns out to be a male plant, the year's worth of work and effort is wasted. Previously, tissue culture studies on foreign hermaphrodite cultivars have been conducted. Tissue cultures of known female plants of papaya (Carica papaya L.) dioecious cultivars "Washington," "Honey dew," and "Ranchi Local" were cultured on various nutritional media in order to promote organogenesis or embryogenesis. The basal media were White's modified medium (WM) or Murashige & Skoog's medium (MS), with auxins (2,4-D, IAA, IBA, NAA), cytokinins (KN, BAP), and growth adjuvants (coconut water, casein hydrolysate) added at varied doses and combinations. The mesocarp cultures produced the greatest amount of callus. The callus raised from immature mesocarp, shoot apex, and leaf tissues were used to differentiate shoot buds in decreasing order. On MS containing NAA (2.0 ppm) and BAP, the highest percentage of shoot bud development (40%) was attained (5 ppm). A higher concentration of IAA (5 ppm) and a low concentration of KN (0.5 ppm) were acceptable for root development in 70% cultures. On MS containing NAA (1.5 ppm), BAP (2.0 ppm), IAA (2.5 ppm), and glutamine, root and shoot bud development was observed in roughly 25% of cultures (200 ppm). Embryogenesis was unable to begin.

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