Magnetic Field and Application of Silicon Dioxide Nano-Particles Alter the Chlorophyll Content and..

Magnetic field seed priming has been developed as a new, efficient, and acceptable approach for invigorating seeds and improving seedling establishment and crop yield, particularly in organic and biodynamic systems. Magnetic treatments are also utilised to improve crop plant tolerance to a variety of biotic and abiotic challenges. In current agro-ecological systems, on the other hand, silica-based fertilisers, particularly in Nano-forms, are used to promote plant growth and production while also improving plant tolerance to various environmental challenges. A factorial experiment based on completely randomised design with three replicates was carried out under greenhouse circumstances to explore the single and combined impacts of magneto-priming and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) on some physiological responses of water-stressed sesame. To achieve this, sesame seeds were first exposed to a static magnetic field of 75 mT for 1 hour, after which seedlings were treated with four doses of SiO2 NPs (un-application of SiO2 (control) and 10, 50, and 100 mg/l) at the stage of full establishment (i.e. the formation of six non-cotyledon leaves in plants) and then exposed to water stress at two levels (control (FC 90 percent) and water stress at two levels ( (FC 50 percent ). After that, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as minimum fluorescence (F'o), maximum fluorescence (F'm), variable fluorescence (F'v), and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F'v/F'm) were measured using a portable fluorimeter at two stages of flowering and fruit set (capsule formation). The chlorophyll content in magneto-priming treatment was higher than un-magneto-priming treatment at the blooming stage of sesame under non-stress and water stress conditions almost in all concentrations of SiO2 NPs. Water stress, magneto-priming, and 10 mg/l SiO2 NPs had the highest chlorophyll concentration. The F'v/F'm ratio in magneto-priming treatment and all dosages of SiO2 nanoparticles was also higher than un-magneto-priming under water stress conditions. Under non-water stress and water stress circumstances, magneto-priming almost at all dosages of SiO2 nanoparticles lowered the minimum fluorescence of sesame leaves relative to un-magneto-priming. The F'v/F'm ratio was identical and highest in two treatments of un-magneto-priming, non-water stress, and 50 mg/l SiO2 NPs, as well as magneto-priming, non-stress, and un-application of SiO2 NPs. These studies show that magneto-priming and silicon dioxide nanoparticles improve some physiological features related to water tolerance, especially in the flowering stage of sesame, which is more susceptible to water constraint.

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