Genetic Analysis of Eight Parents and their 28 Hybrids under Salinity Tolerance in Bread Wheat |....

During the two winter seasons, this investigation was carried out at the experimental farm faculty of Agriculture, south valley university, Qena, Egypt, to study the gene action under salinity soil and water on plant height, number of tillers/plants, stem diameter, 100-grain weight, and grain yield/plant (2018-2019). The results revealed that the mean squares of 36 genotypes were very significant for all attributes investigated, indicating that there was a lot of genetic variation among them. For all qualities investigated, the mean sum of squares due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were extremely significant. For plant height, stem diameter, and 100-grain weight, additive genetic variance (2A) was larger than non-additive genetic variance (2D). For all of the individuals tested, the levels of heritability in broad (h2b. s percent ) and narrow (h2n. s percent ) senses were estimated. Under salinity conditions, the genotypic correlation for plant height with number of tillers/plants, stem diameter, and grain yield/plant was very significant, with values of (0.40, 0.33, and 0.33), respectively. However, under salinity conditions, the genotypic correlation for stem diameter was positive and highly significant with a value of (0.48). Furthermore, the genotypic and phenotypic correlations between the number of tillers/plants and grain yield/plant were positive and very significant, with values of (0.37) and (0.38), respectively (0.43). Finally, it can be inferred that additive gene action had a significant part in the control of the majority of the traits tested.

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