Field Survey and Identification of Nematodes Associated with Citrus Trees in Dalanj Area, Sudan.....

Citrus-associated nematodes were investigated and identified. During the 2015-2016 season, a survey was done in three places in the Dalanj area of South Kordofan state (Dalanj, Eltokma, and Elfarshaia). Soil samples were taken from the area surrounding affected citrus trees (Lemon, Grapefruit, and Mandarin). The Bearman funnel technique was used to retrieve the juveniles from the earth. Nematode identification is primarily based on the nematode's body measurements. Water extracts were used to make botanical extracts. After 24, 48, and 72 hours, the mortality rates of juveniles were recorded. The species was identified as Xiphinema basiri based on the nematode's physical traits. The death rate of juveniles rose as concentration and exposure time increased. When compared to the average mortality rates of juveniles treated with Cassia senna leaves and Moringa olifera seeds, extracts from the bark of Punica grantum, seeds of Moringa oleifera, and seeds of Croton zambesias were found to be extremely toxic to Xiphinema basiri (35.33, 30.33, and 26.33 percent), respectively, after 72 hours at a concentration of 10.000 ppm (21and 19.67 percent ). All botanical extracts had low mortality rates of 24.67-10 percent after 72 hours at 100ppm, but only the extract from the bark of Punica grantum had mortality rates above 20% at all exposure times. The seed extracts all outperformed the leaf extracts in terms of nematicidal activity.

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