Desiccation and Freezing Sensitivity of Selected Groundnut Genotypes for Germplasm Conservation

The sensitivity of five groundnut genotypes, Sodari, Ghibaish, Barberton, ICGV121, and Advance, to desiccation under seven saturated salt solutions with specific relative humidity at 35oC and freezing in liquid nitrogen temperature (-196oC) using the desorption drying process, was determined in a series of experiments. The study's goals were to determine seed desiccation and freezing sensitivity, as well as their relationships to seed viability. Desiccated seed equilibrium water content, germination percentages and rates of desiccated and desiccated-frozen seeds, WC50, water activity, water potential, HMFL, and their relationships with other parameters were determined.When seeds were oven-dried for 24 hours at 105°C, the equilibrium mean water content in gH2Og-1dw was determined gravimetrically. The Quantal Quadric response model was used to calculate seed desiccation sensitivity (WC50). The high moisture freezing limit was used to assess freezing sensitivity (HMFL). This study found that decreasing the equilibrium water content resulted in large increases in seed viability (germination percent). As determined by sensitivity indicators (WC50, wa50, 50, and HMFL), both seeds can withstand low levels of equilibrium water content (below 0.1 gH2Og-1dw), meaning that they are not vulnerable to desiccation and freezing.In comparison to Sodari and ICGV121, Barberton, Ghibaish, and the Advance line showed less exposure to liquid nitrogen (HMFL value of 0.1 gH2Og-1dw) (HMFL values of 0.06 and 0.05 gH2Og-1dw, respectively). The equilibrium seed water content was positively associated with seed germination after desiccation and freezing, according to correlation analyses. The vulnerability of seeds to freezing is linked to their degree of desiccation, as shown by the positive correlation between WC50 and HMFL.

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